Reis-Buckler dystrophy affects which layer of cornea-
**Core Concept**
Reis-Buckler dystrophy is a rare, autosomal dominant corneal disorder characterized by progressive thinning and degeneration of the corneal layers. The condition leads to vision loss and potentially, corneal perforation.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Reis-Buckler dystrophy predominantly affects the **epithelial layer** of the cornea, which is the outermost layer of the cornea. This layer is responsible for maintaining the cornea's integrity and facilitating tear exchange. The disease process involves mutations in the _PRDM5_ gene, leading to abnormal keratin expression and structural disruption in the epithelial layer. As a result, the epithelial layer becomes thin and fragile, compromising the cornea's protective function.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** The stroma, which is the middle layer of the cornea, is not primarily affected in Reis-Buckler dystrophy.
* **Option B:** The endothelium, the innermost layer of the cornea, is not directly involved in the disease process.
* **Option D:** The Bowman's layer, a dense, acellular layer beneath the epithelium, is not primarily affected in Reis-Buckler dystrophy.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Reis-Buckler dystrophy is one of the few corneal dystrophies that show an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, making it essential to consider family history when diagnosing this condition.
**Correct Answer: C. Epithelial layer.**