A 14 year old boy stas cleaning his room regularly because he wants to avoid the scolding of mother. This is called as-
**Core Concept**
The underlying concept being tested is a behavioral change motivated by external factors, specifically social pressure or avoidance of negative consequences. This is an example of operant conditioning, a type of learning process where behavior is modified by its consequences.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the concept of negative reinforcement, which is a type of operant conditioning. In this scenario, the boy is exhibiting a behavior (cleaning his room) to avoid a negative consequence (scolding from his mother). This is not a punishment, but rather a way to avoid something unpleasant. The behavior is being reinforced because it leads to the removal of an unpleasant stimulus (scolding). This is a classic example of negative reinforcement, where the behavior is strengthened because it reduces or removes an undesirable consequence.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is not relevant to the scenario described. The boy is not exhibiting a behavior to achieve a positive outcome, but rather to avoid a negative one.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because the boy is not exhibiting a behavior to achieve a reward or pleasure, but rather to avoid a negative consequence.
* **Option C:** This option is not applicable in this scenario. The boy is not exhibiting a behavior to avoid a loss, but rather to avoid a negative consequence.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Negative reinforcement is a powerful motivator for behavior change, often used in psychological interventions to encourage desired behaviors. It's essential to understand the difference between positive reinforcement (rewards) and negative reinforcement (avoiding negative consequences) to design effective behavioral interventions.
**Correct Answer: D. Negative Reinforcement**