**Core Concept**
Routine HIV screening for pregnant women is a crucial public health measure to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides guidelines for HIV testing in pregnant individuals. This question requires knowledge of the CDC's recommendations for HIV screening in pregnant women.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The CDC recommends routine HIV screening for all pregnant women at their initial prenatal visit, with repeat testing recommended at 36 weeks of gestation or during labor for women at high risk of HIV infection. This approach is based on the fact that HIV testing can identify infected women who may not have symptoms, allowing for prompt initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and preventing mother-to-child transmission. The CDC's guidelines also emphasize the importance of informed consent, confidentiality, and counseling for HIV-positive pregnant women.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option may be incorrect because it does not specify the timing of HIV screening, which is an important aspect of the CDC's guidelines.
**Option B:** This option may be incorrect because it implies that HIV screening is only recommended for pregnant women at high risk, which is not the case according to the CDC's guidelines.
**Option C:** This option may be incorrect because it does not mention the importance of repeat testing at 36 weeks of gestation or during labor for women at high risk.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The CDC's guidelines for HIV screening in pregnant women are designed to identify and treat HIV infection promptly, reducing the risk of mother-to-child transmission. Pregnant women should be educated about the importance of HIV testing and the benefits of ART.

**Correct Answer:** C.