**Core Concept**
The question requires knowledge of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for HIV prevention, specifically the recommended antiretroviral regimen for needlestick injuries. PEP is a critical intervention to prevent HIV transmission after potential exposure.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The recommended PEP regimen for HIV involves a combination of antiretroviral medications to inhibit viral replication. The preferred regimen typically includes two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) plus a third agent, which can be either an NRTI, a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI), or a protease inhibitor (PI). The most commonly recommended PEP regimen is tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) + emtricitabine (FTC) + raltegravir (RAL), which has been shown to be highly effective in preventing HIV infection.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because the regimen lacks a third agent, which is essential for effective PEP. The combination of two NRTIs alone may not provide adequate suppression of viral replication.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because the regimen includes zidovudine (AZT), which is an older NRTI with more side effects and less efficacy compared to TDF or FTC.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect because the regimen lacks a third agent and includes saquinavir, which is an older PI with more side effects and less efficacy compared to newer PIs like darunavir or atazanavir.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
When prescribing PEP, it's essential to consider the patient's medical history, including any pre-existing conditions, allergies, or medication interactions. The PEP regimen should be tailored to the individual's needs, and adherence to the treatment regimen is crucial for optimal efficacy.
**Correct Answer: C. Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) + emtricitabine (FTC) + raltegravir (RAL)**
Free Medical MCQs Β· NEET PG Β· USMLE Β· AIIMS
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