**Core Concept**
The phenomenon being described is a psychological defense mechanism where an individual redirects their feelings or emotions towards a current authority figure, often a therapist, towards a past figure who was the original source of those emotions. This defense mechanism is a way to avoid confronting and dealing with the actual issue or trauma.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
This phenomenon is an example of **transference** in psychotherapy. Transference is a process where a patient redirects their feelings, attitudes, or desires towards a current person, often the therapist, towards a past person who was the original source of those feelings. In this case, the patient is transferring his feelings of anger and resentment towards his abusive father onto the psychologist. This can be due to the psychologist's authority and power, which triggers the patient's past experiences and emotions. The psychologist's role is to recognize and work with this transference to help the patient understand and resolve their underlying issues.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Countertransference is incorrect because it refers to the therapist's feelings or reactions towards the patient, rather than the patient's feelings towards the therapist.
**Option B:** Projection is incorrect because it refers to the defense mechanism where an individual attributes their own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to someone else, rather than acknowledging and dealing with them.
**Option C:** Rationalization is incorrect because it refers to the defense mechanism where an individual creates logical explanations or excuses for their unacceptable behavior, rather than addressing the underlying issue.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential for therapists to recognize and manage transference in the therapeutic relationship to create a safe and effective treatment environment. They should be aware of their own feelings and reactions towards the patient (countertransference) and use them as an opportunity to explore and understand the patient's underlying issues.

**Correct Answer:** C.