**Question:** Psychoanalysis was founded by which of the following scientist -

A. Sigmund Freud
B. Carl Rogers
C. Abraham Maslow
D. William H. S. Rivers

**Core Concept:** Psychoanalysis is a psychological therapeutic approach that focuses on exploring a patient's unconscious thoughts, feelings, and experiences to understand their behaviors and emotions. It was developed by a psychiatrist and neurologist, Sigmund Freud.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is widely regarded as the father of psychoanalysis. He developed the concept of the "psychoanalytic technique," which aims to uncover the patient's unconscious mind to treat psychological disorders. Freud's influential works, such as "The Interpretation of Dreams" and "An Outline of Psycho-Analysis," laid the foundation for psychoanalysis.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Sigmund Freud
B. Carl Rogers - Carl Rogers developed Humanistic psychology, focusing on the individual's subjective experience and self-actualization, which is distinct from psychoanalysis.
C. Abraham Maslow - Maslow focused on humanistic psychology, particularly self-actualization and personal growth, which is separate from psychoanalysis.
D. William H. S. Rivers - William S. Rivers is associated with the development of modern psychiatry and neuropsychiatry, not psychoanalysis.

**Clinical Pearl:** Understanding the difference between psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology, and other psychological theories is essential for medical professionals who treat mental health patients. This knowledge helps in accurately identifying and referring patients to the appropriate therapeutic approach.