The enzymes that catalyses the same reaction but differ in physical properties are called as:
**Core Concept**
Isomerases are enzymes that catalyze the conversion of a molecule into an isomer of itself, with the same molecular formula but different structural formula. However, the question is referring to enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but differ in physical properties, which is a characteristic of isozymes, also known as **allozymes** or **isoenzymes**.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Isozymes are different forms of an enzyme that catalyze the same reaction but have different physical properties, such as charge, isoelectric point, or molecular weight. This is due to variations in the amino acid sequence or post-translational modifications, resulting in subtle differences in their catalytic properties and substrate specificity. Isozymes can be distinguished using techniques such as electrophoresis, which separates enzymes based on their size and charge.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is not relevant to the question, as it does not describe enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but differ in physical properties.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect, as **isozymes** specifically refer to enzymes that catalyze the same reaction but differ in physical properties.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect, as **allosteric enzymes** refer to enzymes whose activity is regulated by binding of an effector molecule at a site other than the active site.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Isozymes can be used as genetic markers, as they can be inherited in a predictable manner. This can be useful in diagnosing genetic disorders, such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, which is caused by a mutation in the G6PD gene.
**Correct Answer: C. Isozymes**