**Core Concept**
Proliferative glomerular deposits are characteristic of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis, where immune complexes accumulate in the glomeruli, triggering an inflammatory response and glomerular cell proliferation.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is associated with the deposition of immune complexes in the glomeruli, leading to activation of the complement system and recruitment of inflammatory cells, including neutrophils and macrophages. This results in proliferation of glomerular cells, including mesangial cells and podocytes. The immune complexes are composed of antibodies and antigens, which accumulate in the glomeruli due to various underlying conditions, such as systemic lupus erythematosus or post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because proliferative glomerular deposits are not typically associated with benign conditions, such as minimal change disease. Minimal change disease is characterized by loss of foot processes on electron microscopy and nephrotic syndrome, but not proliferative glomerular deposits.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because membranous nephropathy is characterized by deposition of immune complexes on the subepithelial side of the glomerular basement membrane, rather than proliferative glomerular deposits.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is characterized by segmental sclerosis and collapse of glomerular tufts, rather than proliferative glomerular deposits.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to distinguish between proliferative glomerulonephritis and other conditions that present with glomerular inflammation, such as vasculitis or thrombotic microangiopathy. A thorough understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and clinical presentation is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.

**Correct Answer: A. Lupus Nephritis.**