**Core Concept**
Progesterone, a steroid hormone, plays a crucial role in the female reproductive system and has various effects on lipid metabolism. During pregnancy, progesterone levels surge, and this hormonal shift influences lipid profiles.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Progesterone promotes the synthesis of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) in the liver, which is rich in triglycerides and cholesterol. This leads to an increase in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "bad" cholesterol. Additionally, progesterone has a negative effect on high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, often referred to as "good" cholesterol, by reducing its levels. This combination of increased LDL and decreased HDL is a characteristic lipid profile associated with progesterone's effects.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because progesterone does not lower LDL cholesterol; instead, it increases it. Furthermore, progesterone does not increase HDL cholesterol; it actually decreases it.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because progesterone increases LDL cholesterol, contrary to the statement. While it is true that progesterone has a negative effect on HDL cholesterol, the overall effect on LDL cholesterol is an increase, not a decrease.

**Option D:** This option is incorrect because progesterone increases LDL cholesterol, not decreases it. Furthermore, while it is true that progesterone has a negative effect on HDL cholesterol, the overall effect is a decrease in HDL, not an increase.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to note that the lipid profile changes associated with progesterone are reversible after pregnancy. However, long-term exposure to high progesterone levels, such as in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), can lead to persistent dyslipidemia.

✓ Correct Answer: C. Lowers HDL & increases LDL