**Core Concept**
Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the production of gametes. In females, meiosis occurs in the ovaries, where primary oocytes undergo maturation to form mature ova.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
During meiosis, one primary oocyte undergoes two successive divisions: meiosis I and meiosis II. Meiosis I results in the formation of a secondary oocyte and the first polar body. The secondary oocyte then undergoes meiosis II, resulting in the formation of a mature ovum and the second polar body. Thus, a single primary oocyte gives rise to one mature ovum and three polar bodies (two first polar bodies and one second polar body).

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it suggests that only one polar body is produced, whereas in reality, two polar bodies are formed during the maturation of a primary oocyte.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it implies that multiple ova are formed from a single primary oocyte, which is not the case.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it suggests that no polar bodies are produced, which is not accurate.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that meiosis is a critical process in the formation of gametes, and any errors in this process can lead to genetic abnormalities or infertility. Understanding the mechanisms of meiosis is crucial for reproductive medicine and genetics.

**Correct Answer: D. One mature ovum and three polar bodies.**