**Core Concept**
Primary bile acids are synthesized in the liver from cholesterol and are not conjugated with amino acids. They play a crucial role in the emulsification and absorption of dietary fats in the small intestine. Chenodeoxycholic acid and cholic acid are the two primary bile acids produced in the liver.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Chenodeoxycholic acid is a primary bile acid produced in the liver from cholesterol via the action of the enzyme cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase. It is then conjugated with glycine or taurine to form glycocoenedeoxycholate or taurochenodeoxycholate, respectively. This conjugation process occurs in the liver and is essential for the solubilization of lipids in the bile.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Deoxycholic acid is a secondary bile acid, which is produced in the colon by the action of bacterial enzymes on cholic acid. It is not a primary bile acid.
**Option B:** Lithocholic acid is also a secondary bile acid, produced in the colon by the action of bacterial enzymes on chenodeoxycholic acid. It is not a primary bile acid.
**Option D:** This option is incorrect because there is a correct answer among the options.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Primary bile acids, such as chenodeoxycholic acid, play a crucial role in the treatment of certain types of gallstones and primary biliary cirrhosis. They can also be used as therapeutic agents to dissolve cholesterol gallstones.

**✓ Correct Answer: C. Chenodeoxycholic acid**