Saliva contains which of the following acts as defence mechanism for prevention of dental caries?
💡 Explanation
**Question:** Saliva contains which of the following acts as a defense mechanism for prevention of dental caries?
**Core Concept:** Saliva is a complex fluid produced by the salivary glands and plays a crucial role in maintaining oral health. It contains various components that contribute to its defense mechanism against dental caries, a condition caused by the bacterial degradation of tooth enamel.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The correct answer, "**C. Streptococcus salivarius**," is involved in the defense mechanism of saliva due to its ability to inhibit the growth of mutans streptococci, a group of bacteria responsible for dental caries.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. **Salivary Amylase (Amylase):** Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down carbohydrates, primarily glucose and maltose, in saliva. While it plays a role in digestion, it does not directly contribute to the defense against dental caries.
B. **Salivary Immunoglobulins (IgA):** Immunoglobulins (antibodies) are a part of the adaptive immune system that helps protect against specific pathogens. They do not directly inhibit bacterial growth, making option B incorrect.
D. **Salivary Proteins:** While salivary proteins are essential for maintaining oral health, none of them specifically target dental caries prevention.
**Clinical Pearl:** Saliva not only aids in digestion and moisture maintenance but also plays a vital role in oral health. The presence of certain beneficial bacteria, such as Streptococcus salivarius, helps protect against the detrimental effects of dental caries caused by mutans streptococci.