A fire worker presented with “Phossy jaw” (glass jaw). Which of the following can cause this condition on chronic exposure?
## Core Concept
Phossy jaw, also known as glass jaw, is a historical occupational disease characterized by necrosis of the jawbone, particularly the mandible. It is associated with chronic exposure to certain chemicals, notably phosphorus.
## Why the Correct Answer is Right
The correct answer, , is phosphorus. Phosphorus, particularly white phosphorus, is well-documented to cause phossy jaw in individuals with chronic exposure. This condition was prevalent among workers in the matchstick industry and those handling phosphorus-containing compounds. The mechanism involves the toxic effects of phosphorus on bone tissue, leading to necrosis and deformation of the jaw.
## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
* **Option A:** - This option is incorrect because while various chemicals can cause bone and tissue damage, there is no direct association with phossy jaw.
* **Option B:** - This option is incorrect as there is no well-established link between this chemical and the development of phossy jaw.
* **Option C:** - This option is incorrect because, similar to option A, there is no established direct link to phossy jaw.
## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key point to remember is that phossy jaw is a classic example of an occupational hazard. The condition was first identified in workers exposed to white phosphorus. A useful mnemonic could be "P for Phossy and Phosphorus."
## Correct Answer Line
**Correct Answer: D. Phosphorus.**