A 21 years old unmarried woman has premenstrual fullness of breast and pain, the likely diagnosis is :
**Core Concept**
Premenstrual breast fullness and pain are common symptoms experienced by many women, often related to hormonal changes and breast tissue sensitivity. This phenomenon is closely linked to the menstrual cycle, particularly the fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone levels.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The likely diagnosis in this scenario is mastalgia, which is a condition characterized by cyclical breast pain and tenderness. This condition is often associated with the hormonal changes that occur during the menstrual cycle, particularly the surge in progesterone levels in the luteal phase. The increased progesterone levels cause the breast tissue to become more sensitive, leading to pain and tenderness. Mastalgia can be further classified into two types: cyclical and non-cyclical. Cyclical mastalgia is the most common form and is closely linked to the menstrual cycle.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because fibroadenoma is a type of benign breast tumor that typically presents as a painless, mobile lump. While fibroadenomas can cause breast tenderness, they are not typically associated with cyclical breast pain and tenderness.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because breast abscess is a localized collection of pus in the breast tissue, often caused by infection. While a breast abscess can cause pain and tenderness, it is not typically associated with the cyclical breast pain and tenderness described in the scenario.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because breast cancer is a malignant tumor that can cause a range of symptoms, including pain and tenderness. However, breast cancer is not typically associated with cyclical breast pain and tenderness, and would require further investigation to diagnose.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that mastalgia is a common condition that affects many women, and it's not uncommon for women to experience some degree of breast pain and tenderness during their menstrual cycle. However, if the pain is severe, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms such as a lump or nipple discharge, further investigation should be undertaken to rule out any underlying pathology.
**Correct Answer:** C.