The following changes occur in urinary system in pregnancy except :
**Core Concept**
During pregnancy, the urinary system undergoes significant changes to accommodate the growing fetus and prepare for childbirth. This includes alterations in renal function, urinary tract anatomy, and bladder dynamics.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
One of the key changes in the urinary system during pregnancy is the increase in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). This is due to the rise in cardiac output and plasma volume, which increases blood flow to the kidneys. As a result, the kidneys filter more waste products from the blood, leading to a slight decrease in maternal serum creatinine levels. Another important change is the relaxation of the urethral sphincter, allowing for easier urination and reducing the risk of urinary retention.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Not applicable, as the correct options are missing.
**Option B:** Not a correct option, as the question is incomplete.
**Option C:** Not a correct option, as the question is incomplete.
**Option D:** Not applicable, as the correct options are missing.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that pregnant women are at increased risk of urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly after 12 weeks of gestation. This is due to the aforementioned changes in urinary system function and the increased pressure on the bladder and urethra.
**Correct Answer: None of the above**