Prader-Willi syndrome includes the following except-
**Core Concept**
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare genetic disorder caused by the loss of function of genes on chromosome 15 inherited from the father. It is characterized by a range of physical, developmental, and behavioral features.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The clinical features of PWS include severe infantile hypotonia, poor suck and feeding difficulties, and a characteristic facial appearance. As individuals with PWS grow and develop, they often experience hyperphagia, leading to obesity, and may exhibit intellectual disability, behavioral problems, and short stature. The genetic defect underlying PWS affects the expression of genes involved in growth and development, leading to these characteristic features.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Hypertension - Incorrect because Prader-Willi syndrome is not typically associated with hypertension; however, obesity, a common feature of PWS, may increase the risk of hypertension.
**Option B:** Hyperphagia - Incorrect because hyperphagia is actually a characteristic feature of Prader-Willi syndrome, leading to obesity.
**Option C:** Intellectual disability - Incorrect because while some individuals with PWS may experience intellectual disability, it is not a universal feature of the syndrome.
**Option D:** Short stature - Incorrect because short stature is a common feature of Prader-Willi syndrome, resulting from the genetic defect affecting growth and development.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
PWS is often associated with a "happy puppet" appearance due to hypotonia and facial features, which can be a key diagnostic clue.
**Correct Answer: D. Short stature is not a universal feature of Prader-Willi syndrome.