Posterior urethral valve – true A/E –
**Core Concept**
Posterior urethral valves (PUV) are a congenital anomaly characterized by the presence of obstructive folds or membranes in the male urethra, leading to urinary tract obstruction and potential complications. This condition primarily affects male infants and children, resulting in symptoms such as urinary retention, incontinence, and renal impairment.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiology of PUV. The obstructive nature of the valves leads to increased pressure in the bladder and upper urinary tract, causing renal impairment and potential long-term complications. The condition is often diagnosed prenatally or in early infancy due to the presence of hydronephrosis and other urinary tract abnormalities.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it is unrelated to the pathophysiology of PUV.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is not a direct consequence of PUV. While urinary tract infections can occur in individuals with PUV, they are not a direct result of the condition.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect because it is a potential complication of PUV, but not a defining characteristic.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key aspect of PUV is the potential for renal impairment and long-term complications if left untreated. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial in preventing these outcomes.
**Correct Answer: Not Applicable (as the question was incomplete)**