**Core Concept**
Postoperative complications of cataract surgery are potential issues that may arise after the procedure. These complications can be categorized into immediate (within 24 hours) and late (after 24 hours) complications. Understanding these complications is crucial for ophthalmologists to provide optimal patient care.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is **D.** Endophthalmitis, **Uveitis**, **Retinal detachment**, and **Iris prolapse** are all recognized postoperative complications of cataract surgery. Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the inner coats of the eye, usually caused by an infection, while uveitis refers to inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer of the eye. Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the underlying tissue, and iris prolapse is a condition where the iris is pushed out of its normal position.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect as there is no widely recognized postoperative complication called "Cataract surgery-induced glaucoma." However, glaucoma can be a risk factor for cataract surgery, and intraocular pressure may be monitored postoperatively.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect as there is no widely recognized postoperative complication called "Cataract surgery-induced macular degeneration." While age-related macular degeneration is a common cause of vision loss in the elderly, it is not a direct complication of cataract surgery.

**Option C:** This option is incorrect as there is no widely recognized postoperative complication called "Cataract surgery-induced optic neuritis." Optic neuritis is an inflammation of the optic nerve that can cause vision loss, but it is not typically associated with cataract surgery.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
To minimize postoperative complications of cataract surgery, it is essential to maintain a sterile environment, use proper antibiotic prophylaxis, and carefully monitor patients for signs of infection or inflammation. Additionally, patients should be educated on the importance of postoperative follow-up care to ensure timely detection and management of any potential complications.

**Correct Answer: D. Endophthalmitis, uveitis, retinal detachment, and iris prolapse are all recognized postoperative complications of cataract surgery.**