In a demographic cycle, If death rate is declining but there is no increase in birth rate this population is called as
**Core Concept**
The demographic transition model describes the changes in birth and death rates that occur in a population over time. It consists of five stages, each with distinct characteristics. In the context of the question, we are looking at the transition from one stage to another, where the death rate is declining but the birth rate remains constant.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
A declining death rate indicates an improvement in living standards, healthcare, and sanitation, which leads to an increase in life expectancy. However, if the birth rate does not increase, the population will eventually decline due to the reduced number of individuals in the reproductive age group. This is characteristic of Stage 3 of the demographic transition model, where the population is transitioning from a high birth and death rate to a low birth and death rate.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not accurately describe the demographic transition model. In Stage 1, both birth and death rates are high, while in Stage 2, the death rate declines but the birth rate remains high.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because it does not account for the decline in death rate. In Stage 4, the birth rate declines, leading to a decrease in population growth.
* **Option C:** This option is incorrect because it does not accurately describe the demographic transition model. In Stage 5, the population growth rate stabilizes, but the birth rate is still above the death rate.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that the demographic transition model is a useful tool for understanding population dynamics and forecasting future population trends. A decline in death rate without a corresponding increase in birth rate can lead to a population decline, which can have significant economic and social implications.
**Correct Answer: C. Stationary or stable population.**