For every case of poliomyelitis the subclinical cases of poliomyelitis to be estimated
**Core Concept**
Poliomyelitis is a highly infectious disease caused by the poliovirus, which affects the nervous system. The disease can manifest as asymptomatic (subclinical), mild, or severe forms, with varying degrees of paralysis and mortality.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The ratio of clinical to subclinical cases of poliomyelitis is a crucial epidemiological parameter. It is estimated that for every clinical case of poliomyelitis, there are approximately 200-300 subclinical cases. This ratio helps in understanding the true burden of the disease and the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns. The subclinical cases are often identified through serological surveys, which measure the presence of antibodies against the poliovirus.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option does not provide a realistic estimate of the subclinical to clinical ratio. The actual ratio is significantly higher than what this option suggests.
**Option B:** This option underestimates the number of subclinical cases. The actual ratio is much higher than 10:1.
**Option C:** This option overestimates the number of subclinical cases. While the ratio is indeed high, the actual number is closer to 200-300 subclinical cases for every clinical case.
**Option D:** This option does not provide a specific estimate of the subclinical to clinical ratio, making it an unsuitable choice.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The ratio of clinical to subclinical cases of poliomyelitis is a key indicator of the effectiveness of vaccination campaigns and the true burden of the disease. A higher ratio suggests a more effective immune response and a lower risk of transmission.
**Correct Answer:** C.