**Question:** Regarding poliovirus responsible for poliomyelitis all are true except:

A. Poliovirus is a non-enveloped virus
B. Poliovirus primarily affects infants and young children
C. Poliovirus is eradicated from the world
D. Poliovirus is transmitted through contaminated water

**Core Concept:** Poliomyelitis is a viral disease caused by the enterovirus Poliovirus, which is part of the Picornaviridae family. Poliovirus is responsible for causing poliomyelitis, also known as شلل الأطفال.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** The statement "Poliovirus is eradicated from the world" is incorrect because poliovirus still exists in some regions, primarily affecting infants and young children. Polio vaccination efforts have significantly reduced the incidence of the disease, but it has not been eradicated globally.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**

A. Poliovirus is a non-enveloped virus: While it is true that poliovirus is a non-enveloped virus, this statement is not directly related to the given question about eradication, and thus does not justify being excluded.

B. Poliovirus primarily affects infants and young children: Poliovirus primarily infects the GI tract and can cause paralysis in susceptible individuals, particularly infants and young children with low immunity. This statement is related to the disease manifestations but does not address the eradication aspect.

D. Poliovirus is transmitted through contaminated water: Poliovirus is primarily transmitted through fecal-oral route, ingestion of contaminated food or water being one of the modes of transmission. This statement highlights a mode of transmission but does not directly relate to the eradication aspect.

**Clinical Pearl:** Poliomyelitis remains a global health concern despite vaccination efforts. Polio vaccine has been successful in reducing the incidence of polio cases, but eradication has not yet been achieved due to inadequate vaccination coverage and the persistence of the virus in some regions. This emphasizes the importance of ongoing vaccination campaigns and global cooperation to ensure eradication of poliomyelitis.