In left sided massive pneumotliorax, ECG shows all,except –
**Core Concept**
In massive pneumothorax, particularly when it involves the left side, the ECG can exhibit several characteristic changes due to the mechanical compression of the heart and the mediastinal shift. These changes primarily affect the P wave, QRS complex, and T wave.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Left axis deviation is not typically seen in massive pneumothorax. The reason is that the left axis deviation is usually associated with left ventricular hypertrophy or conduction system abnormalities. In massive pneumothorax, the heart is displaced to the right side, and the left ventricle is compressed. This results in right axis deviation, not left axis deviation. The other options are correct because a massive pneumothorax can cause the following changes:
- **Absent R wave**: Due to the displacement of the heart and the compression of the left ventricle, the R wave can be reduced or absent in leads V4-V6.
- **Peaked P wave**: The peaked P wave is a result of the right atrial enlargement caused by the mediastinal shift and the compression of the right atrium.
- **Precordial T wave inversion**: The T wave inversion in the precordial leads V2-V4 is a common finding in massive pneumothorax due to the ischemia and strain on the heart muscle.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Left axis deviation is not typically seen in massive pneumothorax due to the mechanical compression of the heart and the mediastinal shift.
**Option B:** While absent R wave is a plausible finding in massive pneumothorax, it's not the only option that can be eliminated, but it's a plausible finding.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In cases of pneumothorax, it's essential to remember that the ECG changes are not diagnostic and should be used in conjunction with clinical findings and imaging studies to confirm the diagnosis.
**β Correct Answer: A. Left axis deviation**