Dysphagia caused by in Plummer Vinson Syndrome is due to
**Core Concept**
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome is a rare condition characterized by dysphagia, iron-deficiency anemia, and esophageal webs. The esophageal webs are thin, membranous structures that partially obstruct the esophageal lumen, leading to difficulty swallowing. This condition is often associated with iron-deficiency anemia and is more common in middle-aged women.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is B. Web, as Plummer-Vinson Syndrome is characterized by the formation of esophageal webs, which are thin, membranous structures that partially obstruct the esophageal lumen. These webs are composed of mucosa and submucosa, and they can be found in the upper or lower esophagus. The exact mechanism of web formation is not well understood, but it is thought to be related to chronic iron deficiency and mucosal atrophy. The webs can cause dysphagia, and in severe cases, they can lead to complications such as esophageal obstruction and perforation.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Stenosis refers to a narrowing of the esophagus, which can be caused by various conditions such as esophageal cancer or scleroderma. However, stenosis is not a characteristic feature of Plummer-Vinson Syndrome.
**Option C:** Stricture refers to a narrowing of the esophagus caused by scarring or inflammation. While stricture can cause dysphagia, it is not a characteristic feature of Plummer-Vinson Syndrome.
**Option D:** Ulceration refers to the formation of sores or ulcers in the esophagus, which can be caused by various conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or esophageal cancer. However, ulceration is not a characteristic feature of Plummer-Vinson Syndrome.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome is a rare condition that highlights the importance of iron deficiency in the pathogenesis of esophageal disease. Patients with iron deficiency anemia are at increased risk of developing esophageal webs and other complications, and prompt treatment of iron deficiency is essential to prevent these complications.
**β Correct Answer: B. Web**