**Core Concept:** A Bochdalek hernia is a congenital diaphragmatic hernia that occurs in the lateral abdominal wall on the left side, usually posterior to the diaphragm. It is named after Czech anatomist Hermann Bochdalek who first described the condition in 1846.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** True about Bochdalek hernia is that it is seen on the right side (Option D is incorrect). Bochdalek hernias are typically located in the posterior aspect of the diaphragm, and they are more common on the left side compared to the right side.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:** Option A is incorrect because Bochdalek hernias are anterior to the diaphragm, not posterior. Option B is incorrect because Bochdalek hernias are not typically associated with pleural or pericardial cysts. Option C is incorrect because Bochdalek hernias are not specifically associated with lung hypoplasia.

**Clinical Pearl:** In cases of suspected congenital diaphragmatic hernia, it is essential to consider Bochdalek hernia as a differential diagnosis, particularly when the hernia is located on the left side (since it is more common) and presents with symptoms like respiratory distress, abdominal distension, and failure to thrive in neonates.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right:** Option D is correct because Bochdalek hernia is seen on the right side, which is less common compared to the left side. However, it is still present in approximately 20% of cases. This misconception arises due to the fact that the majority of Bochdalek hernias occur on the left side, leading to the assumption that they are less likely to occur on the right side.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:** Option A is incorrect because Bochdalek hernias are not exclusively seen in females. Although they are more common in females, they can occur in males as well. Option B is incorrect because the herniation of the liver is not specific to Bochdalek hernia. Option C is incorrect because the presence of lung hypoplasia is not a defining characteristic of Bochdalek hernia.

**Clinical Pearl:** Bochdalek hernias are typically diagnosed in neonates presenting with respiratory distress, abdominal distension, and failure to thrive. Treatment typically includes surgical repair for both respiratory distress and bowel obstruction caused by the incarcerated herniated organs.