Which of the following is/are caused by trachoma –a) Entropionb) Ectropionc) Pingueculad) Corneal opacitye) Dry eye
**Core Concept**
Trachoma is a chronic infectious eye disease caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, leading to chronic inflammation of the conjunctiva and potentially causing irreversible vision loss. The disease primarily affects the tarsal conjunctiva, leading to scarring and deformity.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The chronic inflammation and scarring caused by trachoma can lead to entropion, a condition where the eyelid turns inward, rubbing against the cornea and causing discomfort and vision problems. This is due to the contraction and scarring of the tarsal conjunctiva, which can cause the eyelid to become distorted and twisted. Entropion is a well-known complication of trachoma, especially in its advanced stages.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Entropion is indeed a complication of trachoma, so this option is correct and should be ignored.
**Option B:** Ectropion is a condition where the eyelid turns outward, which is not typically associated with trachoma. Instead, trachoma can cause the eyelid to turn inward.
**Option C:** Pinguecula is a yellowish patch on the conjunctiva, usually caused by UV exposure, and is not a direct complication of trachoma.
**Option D:** Corneal opacity can result from trachoma, but it is not the most direct or common complication. However, it can occur due to chronic inflammation and scarring of the cornea.
**Option E:** Dry eye can be a symptom of trachoma, but it is not a specific complication of the disease.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Trachoma is a leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide, and its control is a key component of global eye health initiatives. The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified trachoma as a neglected tropical disease, and efforts to control and eliminate it are ongoing.
**Correct Answer:** A. Entropion