The hydrolysis of Glucose-6-phosphate is catalyzed by a specific phosphatase which is found only in:
**Core Concept**
The hydrolysis of Glucose-6-phosphate is a critical step in glycolysis, where the phosphate group is removed to form glucose. This reaction is catalyzed by a specific enzyme that plays a pivotal role in regulating glycolysis.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of Glucose-6-phosphate is Glucose-6-phosphatase. This enzyme is unique in that it is located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of hepatocytes and renal tubular cells, making it essential for gluconeogenesis and glucose release into the bloodstream. Glucose-6-phosphatase activity is also crucial for the regulation of blood glucose levels, particularly in response to fasting or low glucose conditions.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Liver cells do not have Glucose-6-phosphatase; they have Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, which is involved in the pentose phosphate pathway.
* **Option B:** Muscle cells and adipocytes have Glucose-6-phosphatase, but it is not as crucial in these cells as it is in hepatocytes and renal tubular cells.
* **Option C:** Pancreatic beta cells have Glucose-6-phosphatase, but it is not specific to this enzyme; it is also present in other cells.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency is associated with von Gierke's disease, a severe form of glycogen storage disease characterized by hypoglycemia, lactic acidemia, and an enlarged liver.
**Correct Answer: C. Muscle cells and adipocytes. Glucose-6-phosphatase is found in muscle cells and adipocytes, where it plays a role in glucose metabolism and lipid synthesis.**