**Core Concept**
Peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of certain antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection, particularly those in the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) class. The **mitochondrial toxicity** of these drugs can lead to neuropathic damage.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the specific antiretroviral drugs that are known to cause peripheral neuropathy. Drugs like **didanosine (ddI)**, **stavudine (d4T)**, and **zalcitabine (ddC)** are well-documented to cause mitochondrial toxicity, leading to peripheral neuropathy.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Didanosine is known to cause peripheral neuropathy.
**Option B:** Stavudine is also associated with peripheral neuropathy.
**Option C:** Zalcitabine can cause peripheral neuropathy due to its mitochondrial toxic effects.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's crucial to recognize that not all antiretroviral drugs cause peripheral neuropathy, and identifying the specific culprits is key to managing side effects in HIV treatment.

**Correct Answer:** D. Lamivudine