**Core Concept**
Dating a pregnancy in a patient with irregular menses is crucial for accurate fetal age estimation and prenatal care planning. The most reliable method involves assessing the gestational age based on embryonic development and fetal growth milestones.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Dating a pregnancy in a woman with irregular menses is challenging, but ultrasound examination is the most accurate method for estimating gestational age between 7-14 weeks. This is because it can measure the crown-rump length (CRL) of the embryo, which correlates closely with gestational age during this period. The CRL measurement is a reliable indicator of fetal age, and any discrepancy can be addressed by repeating the ultrasound in a few weeks.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Last menstrual period (LMP) dating is unreliable in women with irregular menses. It assumes a regular 28-day menstrual cycle and ovulation on day 14, which may not be accurate.
* **Option B:** Fetal heart rate measurement is not a reliable method for dating a pregnancy, especially in the early stages. It does not provide a clear indication of gestational age and can be influenced by various factors.
* **Option D:** Physical examination is not a reliable method for dating a pregnancy, especially in the early stages. It may not provide sufficient information to accurately estimate gestational age.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Ultrasound dating is essential for accurate fetal age estimation, especially in women with irregular menses. It should be performed between 7-14 weeks to measure the CRL and provide a reliable indication of gestational age.

**Correct Answer:** C. Ultrasound examination between 7-14 weeks.