Pembrolizumab is used for which condition
Correct Answer: Metastatic Melanoma
Description: PD-1 inhibitors (pembrolizumab, nivolumab) * Ipilimumab was the first checkpoint inhibitor to improve overall survival in randomized phase III trials of advanced melanoma; however, checkpoint inhibitors that target the Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) receptor have quickly become the preferred approach to immunotherapy since they are more effective and have fewer side effects * PD-1 is an immune checkpoint receptor expressed by activated T cells # Normally functions as a "brake" on the immune response # PD-1 on activated T cells binds to its ligands PD1-L1 (B7-H1) and PD1-L2 (B7-DC), which are expressed on tumor cells - deactivation of T cells - loss of immune response against tumor * Nivolumab and pembrolizumab # Monoclonal antibodies that target PD-1 - prevent T cell deactivation - | immune-mediated tumoricidal activity # Both are FDA approved for advanced melanoma # Phase 3 RCTs in patients w/advanced melanoma have demonstrated | overall survival, | progression-free survival, and fewer side effects with either agent when compared to ipilimumab or conventional chemotherapy * Some patients have durable responses even after completion of treatment * Efficacy improved when used in combination with ipilimumab (main disadvantage = | immune mediated side effects) # Most common adverse events: fatigue, pruritus, and rash * Less common (far less common than w/ ipilimumab): pneumonitis, colitis, hepatitis, nephritis and renal dysfunction, and thyroid dysfunction. Ref:- Review of Dermatology by Alikhan; pg num:-41
Category:
Dental
Get More
Subject Mock Tests
Practice with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects and improve your knowledge.
Attempt a mock test nowMock Exam
Take an exam with 100 random questions selected from all subjects to test your knowledge.
Coming SoonGet More
Subject Mock Tests
Try practicing mock tests with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects.
Attempt a mock test now