**Core Concept**
Aortic stenosis is a valvular heart disease characterized by the narrowing of the aortic valve opening, leading to increased resistance against which the left ventricle must pump blood. This results in an increase in the left ventricular wall tension, which in turn can cause angina pectoris due to myocardial ischemia and syncope due to a decrease in cardiac output.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is B. Aortic stenosis because it is the most common valvular heart disease associated with angina pectoris and syncope. The narrowing of the aortic valve opening leads to an increase in the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, which can cause a decrease in the coronary artery perfusion pressure, resulting in angina pectoris. Additionally, the increased resistance against which the left ventricle must pump blood can lead to a decrease in the cardiac output, resulting in syncope. The aortic valve is a tricuspid valve located between the left ventricle and the aorta, and its narrowing can have significant effects on the cardiac output and coronary perfusion.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Mitral stenosis is a valvular heart disease characterized by the narrowing of the mitral valve opening, which can lead to pulmonary congestion and shortness of breath, but it is not typically associated with angina pectoris and syncope.

**Option C:** Mitral regurgitation is a valvular heart disease characterized by the leakage of blood from the left ventricle into the left atrium through the mitral valve, which can lead to pulmonary congestion and heart failure, but it is not typically associated with angina pectoris and syncope.

**Option D:** Tricuspid stenosis is a valvular heart disease characterized by the narrowing of the tricuspid valve opening, which can lead to right-sided heart failure and peripheral edema, but it is not typically associated with angina pectoris and syncope.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Aortic stenosis is a classic example of a valvular heart disease that can cause a decrease in the cardiac output and an increase in the left ventricular wall tension, leading to angina pectoris and syncope. This is because the narrowing of the aortic valve opening requires the left ventricle to pump blood against a higher resistance, leading to a decrease in the cardiac output and an increase in the left ventricular wall tension.

**✓ Correct Answer: B. Aortic stenosis**