### Core Concept
The question is referring to a genetic condition involving a deletion of a specific chromosome. This condition is associated with various physical and developmental abnormalities. The 15th chromosome is one of the autosomal chromosomes, and deletions in this chromosome can lead to a range of symptoms.

### Why the Correct Answer is Right
The deletion of the 15th chromosome is specifically associated with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS). This condition is characterized by a range of symptoms including short stature, intellectual disability, and hyperphagia leading to obesity. The deletion occurs on the paternal copy of chromosome 15, which is typically active in males. This is because the paternal copy of chromosome 15 has a different genetic makeup than the maternal copy, which is silenced in males due to the presence of a specific region called the Prader-Willi region.

### Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because the deletion of the 15th chromosome is not associated with Klinefelter syndrome, which involves an extra X chromosome in males.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because the deletion of the 15th chromosome is not associated with Turner syndrome, which involves a missing or partially missing X chromosome in females.

**Option C:** This option is incorrect because the deletion of the 15th chromosome is not associated with Fragile X syndrome, which involves a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome.

### Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
The Prader-Willi syndrome is characterized by a specific pattern of physical and developmental abnormalities, including short stature, intellectual disability, and hyperphagia leading to obesity. It is essential to diagnose this condition early to provide appropriate management and support.

### Correct Answer: D. Prader-Willi syndrome