**Core Concept**
The Holder method of pasteurization involves heating a liquid to a specific temperature for a prolonged period, typically between 63°C and 72°C for 30 minutes to 2 hours. This method is used to inactivate vegetative bacteria and spores, but some bacteria can withstand these conditions.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
* *Bacillus sporothermodurans* is a psychrotrophic spore-forming bacterium that can survive in the Holder method of pasteurization. This is because it produces a heat-resistant spore that can withstand temperatures up to 90°C for 10 minutes. The spores of this bacterium are highly resistant to heat and can be found in milk and other dairy products.
* The ability of *Bacillus sporothermodurans* to survive in the Holder method of pasteurization is due to its unique spore structure, which contains a heat-resistant core surrounded by a thick layer of dipicolinic acid. This allows the spores to maintain their integrity and survive the heat treatment.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is not relevant to the question and does not provide any information about bacteria that can survive in the Holder method of pasteurization.
**Option B:** This option is not correct because *Clostridium botulinum* is a thermophilic bacterium that can be killed by the Holder method of pasteurization. It is not capable of surviving in these conditions.
**Option C:** This option is not correct because *Bacillus cereus* is a mesophilic bacterium that can be killed by the Holder method of pasteurization. It is not capable of surviving in these conditions.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
* It's worth noting that the Holder method of pasteurization is not effective against all types of bacteria, and some bacteria can survive in these conditions. This is why other methods of pasteurization, such as high-temperature short-time (HTST) pasteurization, are used to ensure the safety of dairy products.

**Correct Answer:** . Bacillus sporothermodurans