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23844 Surgery

A 36-year-old G0 who has been epileptic for many years is contemplating pregnancy and wants to go off her anticonvulsant medications because she is concerned regarding the adverse effects that these medications may have on her unborn fetus. All of the following statements are true regarding epilepsy and pregnancy except

ABabies born to epileptic mothers have an increased risk of structural anomalies even in the absence of anticonvulsant medications
BEpileptic women should have their neurologist attempt to wean them off their anticonvulsant medications prior to conceiving
CPhenytoin (Dilantin) is associated with a 1 to 2% risk of spina bifida
DFolic acid supplementation reduces the risk of congenital anomalies in fetuses of epileptic women taking anticonvulsants
Surgery
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23846 Pathology

A study of HIV-infected persons shows that those with CD4+ lymphocyte counts below 100 cells/mL are found to be at increased risk for pulmonary infections. Some of them have concurrent hepatosplenomegaly and lymphadenopathy, as well as malabsorption with weight loss, night sweats, and fever. Bronchoalveolar lavage specimens examined microscopically show macrophages filled with acid-fast infectious organisms. Which of the following infections have these persons developed?

AAspergillus niger
BCandida albicans
CLegionella pneumophila
DMycobacterium avium-complex
Pathology
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23848 Anatomy

A 6-year-old boy is admitted to the hospital with coughing and dyspnea. During taking of the history he complains that it feels like there is glass in his lungs. Auscultation reveals abnormal lung sounds. The abnormal lung sounds are heard most clearly during inhalation with the scapulae abducted. Which of the following form the borders of a triangular space where one should place the stethoscope in order to best hear the lung sounds?

ALatissimus dorsi, trapezius, medial border of scapula
BDeltoid, levator scapulae, trapezius
CLatissimus dorsi, external abdominal oblique, iliac crest
DQuadratus lumborum, internal abdominal oblique, inferior border of the twelfth
Anatomy
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