**Core Concept**
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by fragile bones, blue sclerae, and hearing loss. It is caused by mutations in genes encoding for proteins essential for collagen synthesis, leading to defective bone formation.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes, which code for the alpha-1 and alpha-2 chains of type I collagen, respectively. Mutations in these genes disrupt the normal triple-helix structure of collagen, resulting in fragile bones and other characteristic features of OI. Type I collagen is a crucial component of bone matrix, providing strength and structure to the skeleton.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect as it does not relate to the underlying genetic defect causing OI.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect as it is associated with another type of genetic disorder, not OI.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect as it is related to a different aspect of collagen biology, not the primary cause of OI.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
OI can be classified into several types based on the severity and features of the disorder, ranging from type I (mild) to type IV (severe). Understanding the genetic basis of OI is essential for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.

**Correct Answer:** C. Mutations in COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes.