Osmotic pressure can be calculated by using
**Core Concept**
Osmotic pressure is the pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent molecules into a solution through a semipermeable membrane. It is a colligative property of solutions, which depends on the concentration of solute particles.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The osmotic pressure of a solution can be calculated using the van 't Hoff equation, which relates the osmotic pressure (π) to the molar concentration (c) of the solute, the gas constant (R), the temperature (T) in Kelvin, and the Avogadro's number (N_A). The equation is: π = cRT/N_A. This equation is a fundamental concept in physical chemistry and is used to calculate the osmotic pressure of various solutions.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** is incorrect because it is not a valid equation for calculating osmotic pressure.
**Option B:** is incorrect because it is the equation for calculating boiling point elevation, not osmotic pressure.
**Option C:** is incorrect because it is the equation for calculating freezing point depression, not osmotic pressure.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The van 't Hoff equation is a crucial concept in understanding the behavior of solutions and is widely used in various fields, including chemistry, biology, and medicine.
**Correct Answer:** C. π = cRT/N_A