**Core Concept**
The phenomenon described is related to the way our brain processes visual information from both eyes, specifically the mechanism of binocular vision that allows for depth perception. This process involves the convergence and divergence of the eyes, as well as the integration of visual information from both retinas.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
When a small target is oscillated in front of a patient with binocular vision, the brain attempts to integrate the visual information from both eyes. However, due to the slight difference in the timing of the signal transmission from each eye (caused by the distance between the eyes), the brain interprets the movement of the target as being in an elliptical orbit rather than a simple to-and-fro path. This is because the brain is trying to reconcile the differences in the visual input from each eye, resulting in an apparent movement that is not strictly linear. This phenomenon is related to the concept of "convergence" and "vergence" movements of the eyes.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is a distractor that might seem plausible but is not directly related to the phenomenon described in the question.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because it refers to a different visual phenomenon altogether, and not the specific effect of oscillating a target in front of a patient with binocular vision.

**Option C:** This option is a distractor that is related to the topic but not the specific phenomenon described in the question.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that binocular vision allows for depth perception, but it also introduces complexities in processing visual information, which can lead to phenomena like the one described in the question.

**Correct Answer: C. Hering's law of equal innervation.**