Ortolani test is positive when the examiner hears the –
**Core Concept**
The Ortolani test is a clinical examination used to assess for developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants. It involves gently abducting the hip and observing for any reduction of the femoral head into the acetabulum.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
During the Ortolani test, a positive finding is when the examiner hears a palpable or audible click, also known as the "clunk," as the femoral head reduces into the acetabulum. This occurs due to the femoral head slipping into the acetabulum, which creates a sensation of a click or clunk. The sound is often associated with a reduction of the femoral head into the acetabulum, indicating a dislocated hip.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because the Ortolani test is specifically designed to detect the reduction of the femoral head into the acetabulum, not the dislocation of the hip joint itself.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because the Ortolani test is a diagnostic tool for DDH, not a treatment for the condition.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because the Ortolani test is a clinical examination, not a radiographic or imaging study.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It is essential to perform the Ortolani test gently and carefully to avoid causing further discomfort or injury to the infant. A positive Ortolani test does not necessarily confirm DDH, but rather suggests the need for further diagnostic evaluation.
**Correct Answer: C. a palpable or audible click. a palpable or audible click.