Triple orthodesis consists of fusion of which three joints of foot?
**Core Concept**
Triple arthrodesis is a surgical procedure that involves the fusion of three joints in the hindfoot to correct deformities, alleviate pain, and restore stability. This procedure is typically performed in patients with severe flatfoot deformity, posterior tibial tendon dysfunction, or other conditions affecting the hindfoot.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The three joints involved in triple arthrodesis are the subtalar joint, the talonavicular joint, and the calcaneocuboid joint. The subtalar joint is a synovial hinge joint that allows for inversion and eversion of the foot, while the talonavicular and calcaneocuboid joints are also synovial joints that facilitate motion between the talus, navicular, and calcaneus bones. By fusing these joints, triple arthrodesis reduces pain and prevents further deformity by eliminating excessive motion and promoting bone growth.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not specify the joints involved in triple arthrodesis. While the ankle joint (tibiotalar joint) is also located in the foot, it is not one of the three joints fused in this procedure.
* **Option B:** This option is incorrect because it is incomplete and does not accurately represent the joints involved in triple arthrodesis.
* **Option D:** This option is incorrect because it is not a recognized combination of joints involved in triple arthrodesis.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Triple arthrodesis is a definitive treatment for severe hindfoot deformities, but it should be performed only after other conservative treatments have failed. It is essential to carefully evaluate patients for potential complications, such as stiffness, pain, or transfer lesions, before recommending this procedure.
**Correct Answer: C. Subtalar, talonavicular, and calcaneocuboid joints.**