A 40-year-old female, presented with a progressively increasing lump in the parotid region. On oral examinations, the tonsil was pushed medially. Biopsy showed it to be pleomorphic adenoma.The appropriate treatment is:
**Core Concept**
Pleomorphic adenoma, also known as benign mixed tumor, is the most common type of salivary gland tumor, accounting for approximately 60-70% of all parotid tumors. It is a benign neoplasm that can cause facial nerve paralysis and other complications if not treated promptly.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The treatment of choice for pleomorphic adenoma is surgical excision, specifically a superficial parotidectomy. This surgical procedure involves the removal of the affected parotid gland tissue while preserving the facial nerve. The facial nerve is carefully identified and dissected from the tumor to prevent damage. The goal of surgery is to remove the tumor in its entirety while minimizing the risk of recurrence and complications.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Radiation therapy is not a suitable treatment option for pleomorphic adenoma, as it is a benign tumor and does not require radiation to control growth.
**Option B:** Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) can be used for diagnosis, but it is not a treatment option for pleomorphic adenoma.
**Option C:** Conservative management with observation alone is not recommended, as pleomorphic adenoma has a risk of malignant transformation and can cause complications such as facial nerve paralysis.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The facial nerve is at risk during parotid surgery, and it is essential to identify and preserve it to prevent permanent facial weakness or paralysis.
**Correct Answer:** C. Conservative management with observation alone is not recommended.