Drug used for post-operative shivering –
**Question:** Drug used for post-operative shivering -
A. Diltiazem
B. Meperidine
C. Levomepromazine
D. Dexmedetomidine
**Core Concept:** Post-operative shivering is a common phenomenon that occurs due to the release of catecholamines in response to cold surface temperature or hypothermia. It leads to vasoconstriction, increased cardiac output, and ultimately, heat production.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right:**
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonist. It has a strong affinity for alpha-2 receptors in the thermoregulatory centre in the hypothalamus, leading to vasoconstriction and decreased heat production. This makes Dexmedetomidine an effective drug for the treatment of post-operative shivering by reducing heat production and preventing the release of catecholamines.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect:**
A. Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker primarily used for treating hypertension and angina. It does not address the underlying mechanism of post-operative shivering and is therefore incorrect.
B. Meperidine (Pethidine) is an opioid analgesic used for pain relief. It does not target the thermoregulatory centre and is ineffective in treating post-operative shivering.
C. Levomepromazine is an antipsychotic drug primarily used for treating psychosis or agitation. It does not address the thermoregulatory centre and is therefore unsuitable for treating post-operative shivering.
**Clinical Pearl:**
When treating post-operative shivering, it is essential to target the thermoregulatory centre by using a drug like Dexmedetomidine. Diltiazem, Meperidine, and Levomepromazine are not effective in this context due to their lack of action on the thermoregulatory centre.