**Core Concept**
Occlusion of a specific vessel can lead to transient vision loss, a condition known as amaurosis fugax. This occurs due to the interruption of blood flow to the retina, causing temporary ischemia and vision loss. The condition is often associated with carotid artery disease.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Amaurosis fugax is typically caused by temporary occlusion of the ophthalmic artery or its branches, which are responsible for supplying blood to the retina. The condition is often associated with embolic events or carotid artery disease, which can lead to transient occlusion of the vessel. In many cases, the occlusion is caused by a cholesterol embolus or a blood clot that temporarily blocks the ophthalmic artery.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because occlusion of the posterior cerebral artery would more likely lead to visual field defects or homonymous hemianopia, rather than transient vision loss.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery would more likely lead to motor deficits or cognitive impairments, rather than transient vision loss.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because occlusion of the middle cerebral artery would more likely lead to motor deficits, sensory impairments, or cognitive impairments, rather than transient vision loss.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Amaurosis fugax is often associated with carotid artery disease and can be a warning sign for impending stroke. Patients with amaurosis fugax should undergo prompt evaluation for carotid artery stenosis or occlusion.

**Correct Answer: C. Middle cerebral artery occlusion is not correct as per the above explanation. However, I will provide an answer for the sake of completion.**