**Core Concept**
The static component of urinary obstruction in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) refers to the physical obstruction caused by the enlarged prostate gland. Drug 'X' aims to alleviate this obstruction by either reducing the size of the prostate or relieving the symptoms associated with it.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The drug 'X' primarily acts by reducing the static component of urinary obstruction in BPH, which implies a mechanism that either reduces the size of the prostate or relieves the symptoms associated with it. This action takes more than 3 months to exert its beneficial effect, suggesting a drug that requires prolonged therapy to achieve its desired outcome. The drug 'X' is likely to be a 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor, which works by inhibiting the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a potent androgen that promotes prostate growth. By reducing DHT levels, the drug 'X' leads to a decrease in prostate size, thereby alleviating the static component of urinary obstruction.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** Alpha-blockers are used to treat the dynamic component of urinary obstruction in BPH, which refers to the smooth muscle contraction that exacerbates the obstruction. They do not reduce the static component of obstruction and typically produce effects within a few days to weeks.
* **Option B:** Phosphodiesterase inhibitors, such as tadalafil, primarily alleviate the dynamic component of urinary obstruction in BPH by relaxing the smooth muscle in the prostate and bladder neck. They do not reduce the static component of obstruction and typically produce effects within a few hours.
* **Option C:** Muscarinic receptor antagonists, such as tolterodine, are used to treat overactive bladder and do not address the static component of urinary obstruction in BPH. They may actually worsen urinary retention in patients with BPH.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to remember that the treatment of BPH should be tailored to the individual patient's symptoms and needs. The choice between alpha-blockers, 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors depends on the patient's specific symptoms, such as urinary frequency, urgency, or obstruction.

**Correct Answer:** C.