Now-a-days Down syndrome is referred to as
Correct Answer: Submental disorder
Description: (A) Submental disorderMajority of children with Down syndrome function in mild to moderate range of mental retardation.[?]Down syndrome/Trisomy 21:Chromosome 21 genetic disorder, associated with physical growth delays, characteristic facial features and mild to moderate intellectual disability.Neurodevelopmental disorder for studying the biological consequences of polygenic, complex disorders, as the source of polygenic disruption (trisomy 21) is well established.Among these, a characterization of the DS developmental brain transcriptome found that approximately 5 percent of genes on all chromosomes were dysregulated at some point in development, with a roughly equal number of up- and down-regulated genes, with the exception of 18 percent of Chr21 genes, all of which were up-regulated.Revealed prominent hypomyelination, disorganization of myelinated fibers, and slower conductance through myelinated fiber tracts as features of DS neuropathology.Neurological Features of Down Syndrome:Most individuals with Down syndrome haveMild (IQ: 50-69) orModerate (IQ: 35-50) intellectual disabilitySevere (IQ: 20-35) difficulties.Typically have IQ scores 10-30 points higher.Typically perform less well than their same-age peers.After 30 years of age some may lose their ability to speak.This syndrome causes about a third of cases of intellectual disability.Many developmental milestones are delayed with the ability to crawl typically occurring around 8 months rather than 5 months and the ability to walk independently typically occurring around 21 months rather than 14 months.Down syndrome have better language understanding than ability to speak.Between 10 and 45% have either a stutter or rapid and irregular speech, making it difficult to understand them.Do fairly well with social skills.Behavior problems are not generally as great an issue as in other syndromes associated with intellectual disability.Mental illness occurs in nearly 30% with autism occurring in 5-10%.Experience a wide range of emotions.Are generally happy, symptoms of depression and anxiety may develop in early adulthood.Are at increased risk of epileptic seizures, which occur in 5-10% of children and up to 50% of adults.Increased risk of a specific type of seizure called infantile spasms.Many (15%) who live 40 years or longer develop Alzheimer disease.In those who reach 60 years of age, 50-70% have the disease.Other Options[?]Oligophrenia:Oligophrenia Old term for mental retardation.[?]Madness:Insanity, a spectrum of behaviors characterized by certain abnormal mental or behavioral patterns.Mental disorder, a diagnosis of a behavioral or mental pattern that may cause suffering or poor ability to function.[?]Mentally unstable or Mental Illness:Mental instability, or mental illness, is a condition that greatly affects a person's thoughts and behaviors.Individuals who are mentally unstable often experience difficulty coping with the everyday functions, demands and challenges of life.There are several signs and symptoms that indicate a person is suffering from a mental instability.With treatment and care, many individuals are able to learn to cope with mental illness.
Category:
Psychiatry
Get More
Subject Mock Tests
Practice with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects and improve your knowledge.
Attempt a mock test nowMock Exam
Take an exam with 100 random questions selected from all subjects to test your knowledge.
Coming SoonGet More
Subject Mock Tests
Try practicing mock tests with over 200,000 questions from various medical subjects.
Attempt a mock test now