**Core Concept**
Pelvic ureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction is a condition where the ureter is blocked at the junction where it leaves the kidney and enters the pelvis. This obstruction can be caused by a variety of factors, including anatomical abnormalities, acquired conditions, or congenital anomalies.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
The correct answer is related to the pathophysiology of PUJ obstruction. In PUJ obstruction, the ureter is narrowed, leading to increased pressure and resistance to urine flow. This can cause dilation of the ureter and pelvis, and may lead to symptoms such as flank pain, hematuria, or recurrent urinary tract infections.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because PUJ obstruction is not typically associated with a palpable abdominal mass. While a mass may be present in some cases, it is not a characteristic feature of this condition.

**Option B:** This option is incorrect because PUJ obstruction is not always associated with an abnormal kidney function test. While some patients may have elevated serum creatinine levels or other abnormalities, many patients with PUJ obstruction have normal kidney function.

**Option C:** This option is incorrect because PUJ obstruction is not typically treated with a renal transplant. While a transplant may be necessary in some cases of end-stage kidney disease, it is not a common treatment for PUJ obstruction.

**Option D:** This option is incorrect because PUJ obstruction is not typically associated with a palpable ureteral stone. While a stone may be present in some cases, it is not a characteristic feature of this condition.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
A key point to remember is that PUJ obstruction can be asymptomatic for many years, and may only be diagnosed incidentally on imaging studies. This is why it's essential to investigate any patient with recurrent urinary tract infections or unexplained kidney function abnormalities.

**Correct Answer:** D.