Not true about calcaneum fracture
**Core Concept**
Calcaneum fractures are a type of osseous injury that can result from high-energy trauma, such as falls from height or motor vehicle collisions. The calcaneum bone is a critical component of the hindfoot, providing support and facilitating weight-bearing activities. **Understanding the anatomy and biomechanics of the calcaneum is essential for accurately diagnosing and managing calcaneum fractures.**
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Calcaneum fractures can be classified into two main types: intra-articular and extra-articular. Intra-articular calcaneum fractures involve the joint surface, which can lead to complications such as **subtalar joint instability** and **post-traumatic arthritis**. The management of calcaneum fractures often requires a multidisciplinary approach, involving orthopedic surgeons, radiologists, and physical therapists to ensure optimal outcomes.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Not all calcaneum fractures are caused by high-energy trauma; **low-energy falls** can also result in calcaneum fractures, particularly in older adults with osteoporotic bone.
**Option B:** Calcaneum fractures can occur in isolation, but they often **coexist with other injuries**, such as ankle fractures or soft tissue damage.
**Option C:** The **Bohler's angle**, a radiographic measurement, is used to assess the severity of calcaneum fractures and guide treatment decisions.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
The **Bohler's angle**, which is typically measured on a lateral radiograph, is a critical parameter in evaluating calcaneum fractures. A decreased Bohler's angle (30°) suggests a more benign fracture pattern.
**Correct Answer: D.**