Non hormonal Pill – Centchroman is taken orally:
**Core Concept**
Centchroman is a non-hormonal contraceptive pill that acts on the reproductive system by altering the menstrual cycle and preventing ovulation. It belongs to a class of drugs known as non-steroidal selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs).
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Centchroman works by modulating the activity of estrogen receptors in the body, particularly in the uterus and the hypothalamus. This leads to a decrease in the production of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) from the hypothalamus, which in turn reduces the secretion of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the pituitary gland. The decrease in LH and FSH levels prevents ovulation, thereby preventing fertilization. Additionally, Centchroman has a thickening effect on cervical mucus, making it difficult for sperm to penetrate the cervix.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** This option is incorrect because it does not accurately describe the mechanism of action of Centchroman.
**Option B:** This option is incorrect because Centchroman is a non-hormonal contraceptive, not a hormonal one.
**Option C:** This option is incorrect because it does not accurately describe the effect of Centchroman on the reproductive system.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
It's essential to note that Centchroman can be used as a backup contraceptive method after unprotected sex, but it is not a suitable replacement for regular hormonal contraceptives.
**Correct Answer: D. Centchroman prevents ovulation by modulating estrogen receptors and reducing LH and FHS secretion from the pituitary gland.**