Neurotropism is shown by a) C. neoformans b) Polio virus c) Coxsackie virus d) C.albicans
**Core Concept**
Neurotropism refers to the affinity or preference of a microorganism to infect and replicate within the nervous system. This phenomenon is often seen in viruses and fungi that target the central nervous system (CNS) or peripheral nervous system (PNS), causing a range of neurological symptoms and diseases.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Among the given options, **Coxsackie virus** is known for its neurotropism, particularly causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children, which can sometimes lead to more severe neurological manifestations such as aseptic meningitis and encephalitis. This virus has a specific affinity for the CNS, where it replicates and causes inflammation, leading to the characteristic symptoms of HFMD.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
* **Option A:** *C. neoformans* is an encapsulated yeast that primarily affects the lungs and CNS, causing cryptococcosis, but it is not typically known for its neurotropism compared to other options.
* **Option B:** Poliovirus, on the other hand, is highly neurotropic, causing poliomyelitis, a disease characterized by the invasion of motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to paralysis. However, it is not included among the given options.
* **Option D:** *C. albicans* is a common opportunistic pathogen that can cause a range of infections, including mucocutaneous and systemic infections, but it is not typically neurotropic.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Neurotropism can be a key factor in the pathogenesis of various neurological diseases, and identifying the causative agent is crucial for effective management and treatment.
**Correct Answer:** C. Coxsackie virus