## Core Concept
The question tests knowledge of conditions associated with neuronal degeneration. Neuronal degeneration refers to the progressive loss of structure or function of neurons, which can occur in various neurodegenerative diseases.

## Why the Correct Answer is Right
Huntington's disease is a genetic disorder characterized by progressive damage to the brain, leading to cognitive, motor, and psychiatric symptoms. It is indeed associated with neuronal degeneration, particularly in the basal ganglia and cortex. On the other hand, the condition that does not primarily feature neuronal degeneration needs to be identified among the options.

## Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect
**Option A:** Alzheimer's disease is a classic example of a neurodegenerative disorder with prominent neuronal degeneration. It features amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and loss of neurons.

**Option B:** Parkinson's disease is another neurodegenerative disorder primarily affecting movement. It is characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra.

**Option C:** Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord, leading to loss of muscle control. Neuronal degeneration is a hallmark.

## Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact
A key point to remember is that while many neurodegenerative diseases feature neuronal degeneration, the extent and specific areas of the brain affected can vary significantly between diseases. For example, Alzheimer's disease primarily affects the hippocampus and temporal lobe, whereas Parkinson's disease targets the substantia nigra.

## Correct Answer Line
**Correct Answer: D.**