What is seen in neurogenic shock ?
**Core Concept**
Neurogenic shock is a type of shock that occurs due to the loss of sympathetic tone following a spinal cord injury, leading to unopposed parasympathetic activity. This results in vasodilation and a subsequent decrease in blood pressure.
**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
In neurogenic shock, the loss of sympathetic outflow from the spinal cord leads to unopposed parasympathetic activity, causing vasodilation and a subsequent decrease in blood pressure. This is often accompanied by a reflex bradycardia due to the loss of sympathetic stimulation to the heart. The body's compensatory mechanisms are unable to overcome the vasodilation caused by the loss of sympathetic tone, resulting in hypotension. The bradycardia is a result of the parasympathetic dominance on the heart, leading to a decrease in heart rate.
**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option B:** Tachycardia and hypotension - This is incorrect because neurogenic shock is characterized by bradycardia, not tachycardia. The loss of sympathetic tone leads to unopposed parasympathetic activity, resulting in a decrease in heart rate.
**Option C:** Bradycardia and hypertension - This is incorrect because neurogenic shock is characterized by hypotension, not hypertension. The loss of sympathetic tone leads to vasodilation and a subsequent decrease in blood pressure.
**Option D:** Tachycardia and hypertension - This is incorrect because neurogenic shock is characterized by both bradycardia and hypotension, not tachycardia and hypertension.
**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
In neurogenic shock, the patient may also exhibit a widened pulse pressure due to the loss of sympathetic tone, which can lead to decreased peripheral resistance and subsequent hypotension.
**β Correct Answer: A. Bradycardia and hypotension**