**Nephrotic Syndrome Core Concept**
Nephrotic syndrome is a clinical condition characterized by severe proteinuria (>3.5 g/24 hours), hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and edema. It is primarily caused by damage to the glomerular filtration barrier, leading to excessive loss of albumin and other proteins in the urine.

**Why the Correct Answer is Right**
Nephrotic syndrome involves the loss of protein through the urine, which can lead to a decrease in serum albumin levels. This decrease in albumin causes a decrease in oncotic pressure, leading to fluid shift from the intravascular space to the interstitial space, resulting in edema. Additionally, the liver produces more lipids in response to the decreased albumin levels, causing hyperlipidemia.

**Why Each Wrong Option is Incorrect**
**Option A:** Not necessarily incorrect, as hypertension is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention and activation of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

**Option B:** Not necessarily incorrect, as hypercoagulability is a known complication of nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of anticoagulant proteins in the urine.

**Option C:** Not necessarily incorrect, as anemia is a common finding in nephrotic syndrome due to chronic kidney disease and decreased erythropoietin production.

**Option D:** Incorrect, as nephrotic syndrome is characterized by **oliguria**, not polyuria. Oliguria refers to a decreased urine output, which is often seen in nephrotic syndrome due to the loss of protein and fluid in the urine.

**Clinical Pearl / High-Yield Fact**
Nephrotic syndrome is often associated with a high risk of thromboembolic events due to the loss of anticoagulant proteins in the urine.

**Correct Answer:** D. Oliguria